![]() Other authors would also include Galvezia glabrata, Galvezia juncea, Galvezia rupicola and Galvezia speciosa. Vargas et al., strongly recommending segregation of the New World species suggest that the 14 species originally recognised by Sutton (1988) more properly belong to Sairocarpus (11 species), Howelliella (1 species), and Neogarrhinum (2 species). cyathiferum in this section, but Oyama and Baum, following earlier authors, suggest that it should be reclassified in genus Pseudorontium, while Mohavea should be included. Section Saerorhinum: 15 small flowered New World species, mostly annual plants and mostly native to California, though species are found from Oregon to Baja California Sur and as far east as Utah.The species in this section, including the section type species Antirrhinum orontium (lesser snapdragon) are often treated in the genus Misopates. Section Orontium: two species, also from the Mediterranean. ![]() (3 subsections: Majora, Sicula, Hispanica) Section Antirrhinum: 19 Old World species of relatively large flowered perennial plants, including the type species Antirrhinum majus, mostly native to the western Mediterranean region with a focus on the Iberian Peninsula.If the broad circumscription is accepted, its three sections as described by Thompson are as follows (two Old World, one New): For a comparison of earlier schemes see Mateu-Andrés and de Paco, Table 1 (2005) Some authors continue to follow Thompson in using a large genus Antirrhinum, which is then divided into several sections others treat Thompson's genus as a tribe or subtribe, and divide it into several genera. It is widely agreed that this broad group should be subdivided into three or four subgroups, but the level at which this should be done, and exactly which species should be grouped together, remain unclear. It has been proposed that many of the New World Antirrhinum be now considered under Sairocarpus, in the forthcoming Flora of North America. Both Misopates and Sairocarpus are accepted names in The Plant List, and many of the New World species now have Sairocarpus as their accepted name, rather than Antirrhinum. (2004) suggesting they are a distinct group. (Tolety 2011), following the phylogenetic analysis of Vargas et al. By contrast the narrow circumscription ( sensu stricto) confines the genus to the monophyletic Old World perennial species with a diploid chromosome number of 16, distributed in the Mediterranean basin, approximately 25 species. This is the broad circumscription that includes the Old World Misopates and New World Sairocarpus. The species list given here follows these conclusions. ![]() cyathiferum) is removed to the separate genus Pseudorontium, and the two species of Mohavea ( Mohavea confertiflora and M. In 2004 research into the molecular systematics of this group and related species by Oyama and Baum confirmed that the genus sensu lato as described by Thompson is monophyletic, provided that one species ( A. (For a comparison of Thompson with earlier systems, see Oyama and Baum, Table 1.) New species also continue to be discovered (see e.g. While many botanists accepted this broad circumscription ( sensu lato), whose main departure from other classifications was the inclusion of the New World Saerorhinum, others did not, restricting the genus to the Old World. Ī widely accepted scheme (Thompson 1988) placed 36 species in the genus in three sections. As of April 2017, The Plant List (Version 1.1) accepts 21 species. The USDA Plants Database recognises only two species: A. majus (the garden snapdragon), the only species naturalised in North America, and A. bellidifolium (the lilac snapdragon), now considered to be Anarrhinum bellidifolium (L.) Willd. ![]() The situation is further complicated by the variety of terms in use for infrageneric ranks, especially of the Old World species, that is Antirrhinum, sensu stricto (e.g. In particular the exact circumscription of the genus, especially the inclusion of the New World species (Saerorhinum), is contentious. The taxonomy of this genus is complex and not yet fully resolved at present. The genus is characterized by personate flowers with an inferior gibbous corolla.Īntirrhinum used to be treated within the family Scrophulariaceae, but studies of DNA sequences have led to its inclusion in a vastly enlarged family Plantaginaceae, within the tribe Antirrhineae. The Antirrhinum is morphologically diverse, particularly the New World group ( Saerorhinum). Antirrhinum species are widely used as ornamental plants in borders and as cut flowers. They are native to rocky areas of Europe, the United States, Canada, and North Africa. They are also sometimes called toadflax or dog flower. Antirrhinum is a genus of plants commonly known as dragon flowers or snapdragons because of the flowers' fancied resemblance to the face of a dragon that opens and closes its mouth when laterally squeezed.
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